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You have probably seen the old portrait of a Kapitan in Qing mandarin robes. We guessed he was one of Perak's tin Kapitans. We were wrong: he is Kapitan Yap Ah Loy of Kuala Lumpur. But Perak had mandarin Kapitans of its own. Chung Keng Quee, Foo Choo Choon and Leong Fee wore Qing ranks, many of them paid for with donations from a price list printed in the newspaper. Here is how to read the robe, and what the titles cost.

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